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J. D. LALOR ATOMIZER Oct. 23, 192 v I 1,688,585

Filed June 13, 1925 WITNESSES IN VENT 0R:

. Jam Alia/Z02",

I ATTORNEYS.

Patented Get. 23, 1928.

JAMES D. LALOB, 0F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE LALOP u FUEL GIL SYSTEM COMPANY, mo, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, A oonronarron or "near- LAND.

AT OIVIIZER.

Application filed June 13, 1225. Serial No. 38,861.

This invention relates to devices for atomizing fluids, and has special reference to a type of atomizer more particularly adapted for disintegrating heavy or viscous liquids such as fuel oils and the like. The main objects of my invention are to enable perfect vaporization particularly of heavy fuel oils, and their conversion to gaseous form so as to be readily assimilatable with air for production of combustible mixtures attended by the maximum calorific intensity in burning; and to provide an atomizer capable of bringing about such results, characterized by the utmost structural simplicity, and which is entirely devoid of moving parts so as to be absolutely reliable in operation and proof against easy derangement in use.

With reference to the drawings, F 1g. I is an illustration, partly in axial section and partly in elevation, of an atomizer conveniently embodying my invention.

Fig. II is a transverse sectional view, taken as indicated by the arrows IIH in Fig. I. Fig. III is a similar section, taken as indicated by the arrows IIIIII in Fig. I; and,

Fig. TV is a perspective view of one of the parts of the structure.

As herein shown the body of the device is tubular, for conduction of the fuel to be atomized, and has a cavity 11 at its outer end set apart by a transverse partition 12. This partition 12 has a central opening 13 communicating direct with the bore let of the body portion 10. The cavity 11 is screw threaded to take a tip 15, characterized by a circumferential flange 16 adapted to abut the end of the body portion 10; an axial outward projection or head 17as considered relative to the flange 16of lesser diameter and fashioned to polygonal form for convenience in applying a wrench or other tool to secure or remove the tip and a threaded shank 18 with an axial bore 19 that is doubly counterrecessed as at 20, 21. The base of the diametrically smaller recess 21 is tapered as shown to provide convergent approach into a minute axial discharge orifice 22 leading to a concavity 24 in the outer end of the projecting head 17, of the tip 15. The axial bore 19, of said tip 15, accommodates a removable core piece 25 with snug circumferential fit, the forward end of the latter engaging a shoulder formed as a result of the counterrecessing at 20, and alfording, conjointly with said counter-recess, a narrow circular space 26 which I will hereinafter refer to, for convenience of nomenclature, as the re ducing chamber. A centrally-apertured compressible gasket 27, for example of asbestos sheathed with copper, or other comparatively soft metal, rests in a seat 28 provided in the partition 12, and by virtue of its interpositon and compression, serves to secure the core piece 25 rigidly against movement when the tip 15 is screwed home. Attention is directed to the fact that the shank 18 of the tip 15 terminates short of the partition 12 with consequent provision of a narrow clearance therebetween in the form of an annular space 29 around the inner end of the core piece 25, and which I term a distrib uting chamber for reasons that will later on become apparent. Connection between the distributing chamber 29 and the axial opening 13, of the partition 12, is by way of ra dial passages 30 in the rear end of the core piece 25; while a multiplicity of spiral channels 31 cut into the cylindric surface of the core piece 25 serve to circumferentially connect the distributing chamber 29 with the reducing chamber 26, at the forward end of the nozzle.

In operation, the fluid to be atomized is conducted under pressure by the hollow bore 14 of the body portion 10, through the central opening 13 of the partition 12 and the aligned hole of the gasket 27, into the radial passages 30 in the rear face of the core piece 35. By these assage 30, the fluid is conducted uniformly to the distributing chamber 29 and from thence to the several spiral channels 31. Under pressure of the fluid, the subdivided streams leave the ends of the spiral channels 31 and enter the reducing chamber 26 at a tangent with the result that the fluid is swirled or gyrated therein. In its further progress, the flow is accelerated by action of the flaring of the counter-recess 21 and expelled through the restricted discharge orifice 22 as a finely disintegrated spray, the concavity 2a in the front end of the tip 15 finally facilitating spreading or divergence of such spray. With my improved vaporizer device, heavy or highly viscous fluids, such as low Baum fuel oils, may be broken up with comparative case when conducted to the nozzle under hi h pressures with resulting discharge through the restricted orifice 22 at correspondingly-accel erated velocity and complete vaporization of the spray, the same appearing in reality as a mist or cloud capable of ready assimilation with air to produce a perfectly-burning combustible mixture. Freedom from moving parts not only promotes longevity of the vaporizer, but insures against the possibility of derangement in long continued usage by avoiding replacen'ients; While its simplicity of construction renders disassembling of the parts extremely facile when cleaning becomes necessary.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

An atom izer comprising a tubular fluid conductin body; a cavity set apart in the end of the body by a transverse diaphragm centrallyapertured ior connnunication to the bore of said body and counterbored to seat a centrally apertured compressible gasket; a tip characterized by an axial bore with different eo-axial counter-recessions at the forward end, the

smaller of which tapers into a restricted discharge orifice leading therefrom, While the inner end of said tip terminates short of the diap] ragm to provide a clearance; a core piece snugly fitting the bore of said tip and held stationary by the gasket aforesaid, to thereby term an annular distributing chamer, and in conjunction With the counter-recesses aforesaid a reducing chamber; said core piece having radial grooves in its rear end providing passages from the central aperture of the diaphragm to the distributing chamber, and spiral channels in its cylindrical surface that connect the distributing chamber with the reducing chamber for gyration of the fluid in the latter chamber for expulsion through the restricted discharge orifice as a finely-divided divergent spray.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto ned my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this ttli day of June,1925.

JAMES D. LALOR- 

